Describe the experience that impacted you most this semester in your Essay

Describe the experience that impacted you most this semester in your college. What did you learn from this experience - Essay Example It has been a year now and having just completed my first year at college, I can say with a lot of confidence that my college experience has been awesome. Not only have I made several friends, but also have had a taste of what freedom is, besides learning the consequences of procrastinating. Though it was hard at first I have been able to adapt to the college food, burnt the midnight oil for several nights as well as spent numerous hours on heated, albeit meaningful debates. I have had several experiences during my short stay here, but there is one that really has not only changed me, but has also shaped and strengthened my character. One of the greatest things in college is the amount of freedom every individual has. There are no rules in college, no one to wake you up or tell you what you can or cannot do (provided you are not disturbing anyone’s peace or breaking the set rules).There is also no one to push you to attend your classes and it is up to you to go and register your courses by yourself, know where the lecture will be held as well as what time it is going to take place. This therefore means that an individual has the power of choosing what is right or even bad for them. An individual therefore can decide on what s/he can partake as far as their lives are concerned. This freedom however has come with its own attendant therapies and has caused the ruin of many a young people. During my short stay I managed to make a few friends as well as break away from bad influences. I observed how my classmates used to behave and just wondered whether they had come for a holiday camp or to study. One of my first experiences in college is the fact that it is so different from high school. I noticed that some commute from home to the campus and this really impressed me, I being a foreign student from China, studying in Boston, USA. However, there were lots of other freshmen who had left their homes far away and had come to college

Novel Ender's Game Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Novel Ender's Game Analysis - Essay Example The importance of compassion in the game of survival is also highlighted. The story throws light on science fiction elements often using phrases like gravity manipulation, buggers, two previous bugger wars, colonizing other planets, a global military organization etc. The question of survival has been the issue of top priority for the humankind and it is necessary to take all possible measures to achieve that objective. In the present day scenario, the physical strength and fitness of the fighting forces is given more importance. Soldiers execute the war-plans drawn up by the commanders, for whom planning war-strategies is the mind game. But in the Ender’s game planning the war strategies has reached the next stage. The readers are given to understand that, â€Å"We are the Third Invasion."(250) The mind has evolved into higher dimensions. This idea relates to the portals of higher intelligence. The words â€Å"learned skills,† are of importance. The process of acquiri ng the â€Å"learned skills,† is not possible in the ordinary course of learning, as part of the routine curriculum. Human beings undergo the eternal confusion between game and the reality. This unique game of survival of humankind has also been interpreted through the threat of the aliens. Through the games of Ender the author tries to highlight the difference between games and real-life situations and how one can convert each challenge of life into a game. Ender is unable to grasp the real meaning of his final game, until the damage is done. The first game that Peter makes Ender play is the simple one which the kids know, â€Å"buggers and astronauts.† In this game Peter makes known his hatred for Enders by inflicting physical pain on him as the game is in progress, and this is the one game Ender is unable to win. But that is a pre-decided plan against Ender. Peter gives his estimate of the plan thus: â€Å"With Ender, we have to strike a delicate balance. Isolate h im enough that he remains creative--otherwise he'll adopt the systems here and we'll lose him. At the same time, we need to make sure he keeps a strong ability to lead."(27) The two different types of games that Ender faces at Battle School convey the most important aspect of the game. In a nutshell, they throw light on the process of transformation, how the simple life lands into complications and the situations turn challenging, and the question of survival assumes importance. This game plan depicts the current scenario in the society deeply impacted by materialistic civilization. Research for new equipment and intensive military training are considered absolutely essential by every country. So is the case with Ender. The author writes, â€Å"We're going to make him the best military commander in history. And then put the fate of the world on his shoulders."(36)The research by the scientists goes on unabated, new weapons of destructions are created; no one is able to gauge the im pact of their destructive capacity; even on knowing, it is part of the game of power-politics and hence the negotiations are conducted behind the curtain. Ender is unable to come to terms with the changes that continue to happen in life. No authority exists to check the scientific discoveries that will have devastating consequences on the survival of humankind. The play games have turned into war games and the fun aspect in them has vanished, and they have become

Business Plan For Entering Chinese Beer Market Marketing Essay

Business Plan For Entering Chinese Beer Market Marketing Essay The Chinese beer market has grown at a strong rate between 2004 and 2008. It has generated total revenues of $ 42.8 billion in 2008, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12% for the period spanning 2004-2008. Market consumption volumes increased with a CAGR of 9.2% for the period 2004- 2008, to reach a total of 38.8 billion liters in 2008. The markets volume is expected to rise to 53.6 billion liters by the end of 2013, representing a CAGR of 6.7% for the 2008-2013 period. Standard lager sales proved the most lucrative for the Chinese beer market in 2008, generating total revenues of $34.7 billion, equivalent to 81.2% of the markets overall value. In comparison, sales of premium lager generated revenues of $7.7 billion in 2008, equating to 18% of the markets aggregate revenues. The performance of the market is forecast to decelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 9.4% for the five-year period 2008-2013, which is expected to lead the market to a value of $67 billion by the end of 2013.  [1]   Market Value The Chinese beer market grew by 14.9% in 2008 to reach a value of $42.8 billion. Market Value Forecast In 2013, the Chinese beer market is forecast to have a value of $67 billion, an increase of 56.7% since 2008. Market Volume The Chinese beer market grew by 12.5% in 2008 to reach a volume of 38.8 billion liters. Market Volume Forecast In 2013, the Chinese beer market is forecast to have a volume of 53.6 billion liters, an increase of 38.4% since 2008. Market Segmentation I Standard lager sales dominated the Chinese beer market, generating 81.2% of the markets overall revenues. Market Segmentation II China accounts for 42.9% of the Asia-Pacific beer markets value. Market Share Anheuser-Busch InBev accounts for 24% share of the Chinese beer markets volume. ( www.euromonitor.com) Distribution Supermarkets and hypermarkets distribute 35.7% of the Chinese beer markets volume. 1.2 Situation of Chinese beer industry The Chinese beer market has grown at an astounding pace in recent years, spurred on by the massive levels of foreign investment in the market, along with the rise in the average levels of consumer spending in China, thanks to the economic reform policies of the government. China has now overtaken the US to become the largest national beer market in the world. However, per capita beer consumption in China remains very low relatively meaning that there remains great scope for development.  [2]   In 2013, the Chinese beer market is forecast to have a volume of 53.6 billion liters, an increase of 38.4% since 2008. The compound annual growth rate of the market volume in the period 2008-2013 is predicted to be 6.7%.  [3]   Table 1 Source: Datamonitor 2. The strategic triangle ( the 3Cs ) 2.1 The Corporation Aire Valley Breweries is a medium-scale brewery that is located in UK, it is an effective company with high cost structure but it sells its premium bottled product at premium prices so it is not a real problem. Its current production includes: Hostenbeck. European style lager beer, 5% abv, in 260 ml glass bottles San Bernardo. European style lager beer, 5.5% abv, in 240 ml glass bottles Camelot. British style dark bitter beer, 4.5% abv, in 500 ml glass bottles Ark Royal. British style dark bitter beer, 5.6% abv, in 500 ml glass bottles Pot of Gold. Irish style dark stout beer, 5.2% ABV, IN 500 ml glass bottles 2.2 The Customer Aire Valley Breweries plc intends to provide the customer with more than just a traditional brew. We intend to distribuite a high quality brew that will not only be refreshing and pleasurable, but also encourage gatherings and sharing of fun. Our customers can be feel safe about the highest quality standards of all our products. Looking at the consumer, there are some differences between the ways different alcoholic beverages are used in different occasions, but many product choice are a matter of personal taste this makes beer vulnerable to the threat of other alcoholic beverages and many people are about the idea that wine can be more healthy. Overall, there is a moderate threat from other type of alchoolic beverages. Our target customer will be people of any ages and gender but our products are more suitable for over 20 years men and women. 2.3 The Competitors We should identify competition in terms of companies already operating in the Chinese market that product similar type of beers. Hence there will be a need to strongly differentiate ouselves from other already well-settled businesses. However after an accurate market analysis, our competition comes in several forms: 1. The biggest competitors are Anheuser-Busch InBev NV/SA, Tsingtao Brewery, Company Ltd., SABMiller Plc. Been present on the market for a long period, they have a wide and established distribution network that they utilize to their advantage. In order to compete with these leading companies we intend to strongly undertake new channel and distribution development in addition to adopting aggressive marketing strategies. 2. Other manufacturers of traditional brews including homes and local bars will also constitute our competitors. They often have access to the local and remote areas and knowledge of these areas. However their products are not of high standard, which we shall fully exploit. Anheuser-Busch InBev accounts for 24% share of the Chinese beer markets volume. In comparison, SABMiller accounts for 15.9% of the total markets volume.  [4]   Table 2 Source: Datamonitor 3. The market segmentation of the Chinese beer industry The Chinese beer market is fragmented, with top three players holding 53.6% of the total market by volume. The market leaders are companies that own a strong well-known brand-image and operate within various segments of the market, which is possible due to the ease of increase in production capacity once a company is established and has already gained customers loyalty. There is a waste differentiation of products in the market, as there are many varieties within the beer category, including: ales, stouts, low/no alcohol, standard and premium lager, and specialty beer. Entry into this market would be highly dependent on the growth prospects and also on the size of the existing players. Furthermore, beer can be vulnerable to the threat from substitutes such as spirits and wine, due to low switching costs and consumption patterns in different geographies. 3.1 Geographic There are difference between Northerners and Southerners. There are large numbers of beer consumers chose to drink at dinning and banquet in the 6 selected metropolitan consumer markets; namely Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang, Chengdu, Wuhan and Guangzhou. A comparably distinct preference for drink-places was identified as frequenting at bar counters in Guangzhou (15.7%).  [5]   Table 3 Source: IMI Consumer Behavioural Lifestyle Yearbook 2002-2003 3.2 Demographic In China, women population consume more beer beverage than men, almost 40% of consumers in Beijing are women. Table 4 Source: IMI Consumer Behavioural Lifestyle Yearbook 2002-2003 3.3 Psychographic Supermarket chains are often able to negotiate very strongly on price with beer producers, which fact boosts buyer power significantly. Switching costs for buyers are not particularly high, which increases buyer power in all markets. Beer producers can differentiate their products quite strongly, not only by the overall segment (lager or bitter, for example) but also by brand, ingredients, style, and so on.  [6]   3.4 Behavioural The IMI survey classifies beer beverage consumers into heavy and non-heavy drinkers. Heavy consumers drink habit ranges from daily drinking to a minimum of once or twice a week. Beijing beer beverage consumers are mostly heavy drinkers (67%). In Guangzhou, the heavy and non-heavy consumers are equally distributed in numbers. Table 5 Source: IMI Consumer Behavioural Lifestyle Yearbook 2002-2003 About 30% of the Beijing heavy drinkers are women, as compared to the other two metropolitan consumer markets in less than 20%. All the women consumer in the three selected metropolitan markets behave differently, ranging from frequency in drinking, preference for drinking-places, brand images, and personal lifestyles.  [7]   Table 6 Source: IMI Consumer Behavioural Lifestyle Yearbook 2002-2003 4. The 4Ps Marketing Mix 4.1 Product Aire Valley Brewwerie plc should produces products of high quality and impeccable taste. Our products will be positioned very carefully. They will be of extremely high quality to ensure customer satisfaction, supported by impeccable service to our customers. As high quality beers can be sold at premium prices, it is now possible to enter the market on a small scale as a microbrewery. Investment in production equipment can be recouped by adding a good margin to the price of the end-product. Standard lager sales dominated the Chinese beer market, generating 81.2% of the markets overall revenues. Sales of premium lager generated 18% of the markets aggregate revenues.(Datamonitor)  [8]   Table 7 Source: Datamonitor 4.2 Pricing We will ensure that our products prices take into consideration peoples budgets. However these prices will also take into consideration the cost of production and distribution 4.3 Distribution These products will be extensively distributed to remote,  yet extremely viable areas where the market is appreciative of readily available, good quality brew. We intend to establish an brilliant network that will enable us to rapidly respond to customers orders, and be available in remote areas our competitor has not yet exploited. 4.4 Promotion The marketing strategy we will adopt will convey the sense of quality and satisfaction in every picture, every promotion, and every publication. The promotion will involve integrating advertising, events, personal selling, public relations and direct marketing. In the long term Internet marketing will also be undertaken, which will help to increase the knowledge of our products to the various market target segments. Web presence is a natural objective in reaching the appropriate potential customers. Well-done brochures, company profiles and business cards often has an attraction effect on clients contemplating on ordering our products. Hence this will undoubtedly generate increased sales of our products. 5. SWOT Analysis In a rapidly growing economy market as the Chinese one we should focus on our strenghts to respond quickly to what the market dictates and to provide quality brew in such a highly lucrative market. We should also acknowledge our weakness of a medium-sized company without any international experience. 5.1 Strenghts Market segmentation strategies Focused marketing campaign Established company in UK with strong capital base Different type of products for different tastes 5.2 Weaknesses Lack of reputation in the Chinese market No knowledge about Chinese culture and behaviour Chinese distribution channel different from UK one Introduction of Chinese empà ²yees who have not previously worked in the company present a challenge to the company. 5.3 Opportunities The new generation are more interested in foreign brand and attractive packaging Internet marketing and sales Chinese beer market had a huge demand in the last years followed by population growth 5.4 Threats Existing competition in Chinese beer market Marketing strategies and tactics by other established European companies 6. Conclusion The brewing industry has been one of those quickest to modernise in China. Despite its huge market size, there remains great scope for development, and many new opportunities are still available in China. Per capita beer consumption in China has grown to near parity with other regional market, and so development in the market will in future rely much more on raising the average value of purchases, and persuading Chinese consumers to trade-up to premium products and brands.

Ethnocentrism :: essays research papers

The official definition of ethnocentric is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“characterized or based on the attitude that ones own group is superiorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“having race as a central interest.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? There is a whole world of problems, politics, and, other cultures, but it seems that the average Americanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s only interest is that of themselves. The reason I chose to focus on the American being ethnocentric is because I have been exposed the most to this culture in the past. America is the melting pot of the world with so many different cultures and accepts this variety into our country as we were accepted when our ancestors came over. Today I feel that people are arrogant towards those foreigners who donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t wash away their former demeanor. Why donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t we realize that we are so lucky to live in a secure and free country that should glorify diversity and not promote prejudice? When we make contact with people whose beliefs and cult ural tradition challenge our own perspective most feel some sort of intimidation. Ethnocentrism in my opinion is very ignorant, unintelligent, and closed minded in that your normal rituals may seem just as strange to other cultures, but are seen by them in a more understanding way. Ethnocentrism has been instilled in us since birth, learning to attach our selves to our cultural groups depending on them for comfort and a sense of safety. People as a whole in a way have to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“de-centerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? their strong cultural beliefs, as well as the thought that their culture is the only one important enough to concern themselves with. Ethnocentrism may manifest itself in behavior such as warfare, attitudes of superiority, hostility, violence, discrimination, and verbal aggression. In the past, groups such as the Nazià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, the Crusaders and, the Muslims have waged wars and death over cultural and religious differences using ethnocentrism as there incentive. Hate groups are also formed on this notion believing that their religious or cultural group is superior to others when in reality their customs are simply different.

A paper on Stress

In all what follows Is a glimpse Into the way stress exists In my life, how applying a new management tool helped, and what I think it all means to me. What is stress? A question that must be answered is â€Å"what is stress? † The National Institute of Mental Health says that stress is â€Å"the brain's response to any demand† (NIMH, 2014) which Is a simple statement that has tremendous ramifications. As we are, at nearly all times, under a demand of one sort or another. But Stress is more than that, as it is also a physiological process.As discussed in our reading the process of stress is not event specific, but rather a generalized response by our nervous system to certain chemicals produced when we are activated. That activation can be a Bear charging us, or a paper that is due, or anything that causes the Sympathetic Nervous system to engage. Because the body only has one set of tools for the response the content, or context, or the â€Å"threat† is almost i rrelevant. It's not relevant because the result, the body's response, Is the same as â€Å"your blood pressure Increases, your heart beats faster, and digestions slows down† (Reader, up. 2).However since our modern stresses are not fleeting, we never out run the bear because the â€Å"bear† is just our boss at work. Our system does not manage itself well anymore. Our nervous system activates and then stays activated, we never reach the â€Å"rest and digest† side of the equation, which is detrimental to both physical and emotional health over time. The detrimental effects of stress over time Our body's inability to tell the difference between a life threatening event and a I OFF of response which can be thought of as â€Å"unresolved survival-related tendencies† (Ogden, et al, Trauma and the Body, 2006, P. 6) is where we get into trouble. Our â€Å"fight or flight† response is a finely tuned emergency reaction system, built over a millennia of evol ution, which is now poorly adapted for our current living Tyler. As noted in the reading even the most recent and sophisticated of our arousal system is ill equipped to handle the daily levels of stress we live with. Living with this unresolved activation can cause â€Å"atrophy in a part of the brain called the hippopotamus† (Reader, up. 9) which affects memory.Continued exposure to the chemical soup that stress releases can impact our immune system, and make us susceptible to â€Å"upper respiratory infections† (Reader, up. 9) and it can lead to weight gain, heart problems, and a litany of other health issues. As that is the case finding a useful tool for mitigating the impact of stress is important. Mindfulness: an applied model of stress reduction To that end I have been practicing Mindfulness. The process of Mindfulness is one of expanding self-awareness.The process has been defined as an acute awareness of personal experience that occurs without Judgment (Davis & Hayes, 2011). In short to be mindful is to be open to the full experience of the body in a way that is not recriminating, to allow the way the body feels to inform one of the status of the body. In my case I applied it, Mindfulness, as a process of somatic and emotional wariness. To that end I would sit, or walk, and first focus on my breath. This awareness would allow me to become tuned to my somatic state and to center myself.Once I found my balance I could explore the physical responses I was having to a given stresses. Once I had explored those areas that were embodying the stress I could relax the physical elements, and release the tension. This would allow that regained sense of calm and control to extend into the emotional realm. It is interesting to note that I found that a similar model was useful in physical pain reduction as well. Stress: my ongoing experience As noted stress is a daily presence in my, and most American's, lives. It is pervasive and persistent and, as ou r reading has shown, dangerous.My Stress Log, maintained from the 17th of July 2014 to the 1 lath of August 2014, has been both interesting and at times irritating. My results offered me an opportunity to note that my experience with stress is more regular and pervasive than I had thought. The log has given me insight into a set of recurring stresses that I live with, which affect me almost daily, which I am working to contend with. My number one stresses is my espouse to people that abuse my time. I am a fairly ordered person and so I enjoy a life that is structured. I am where I say I will be at the time I say I will be there.When others are late, or interfere with my plans, it activates me. My stress levels skyrocket. Another ongoing battle with stress comes from traffic, I hate sitting in traffic. There used to be a pattern to traffic in the bay area, a clock you could be aware of and use to stay clear of traffic Jams. Now there is no logic to the mess, no time there aren't too many people on the road, and no way to avoid the headache. It does not sit well with me. Finally there is a constant stresses in my life that is both unmanageable and inescapable, my Father.Our relationship has never been great and now it's devolved into a place where I am sort of the hired help. Every time my phone rings and I see it daily (at times hourly) stress events I have been applying the process of Mindfulness, and the results have been pretty good. Conclusion After 4 weeks of use and training myself to think â€Å"mindfully' I can engage the process of mindfulness as needed, with varying degrees of success. My ability to feel my own espouses is steadily improving, and that ability allows me to â€Å"get ahead† of the moment.I am responding, rather than reacting to, things like my Father, or Traffic, or any of a number of other issues on a daily basis. This has enabled me to feel more in control and generally happier as I navigate my day. It has brought me enough re lief that I am working to get my wife involved in the process. Before my log I didn't think I was so engaged with stress, now I see that it is my constant companion. With that knowledge and given my new understanding of the harmful effects of stress on the odd, the opportunity to learn Mindfulness (and other moderation techniques) has been enjoyable and helpful.

The Soul as Inseparable Entity from the Body

Aristotle basically believes that a soul is the basic or core essence of a living organism. The notion of a body or form without a soul is simply unintelligible. Soul is what makes a living thing alive. Plants and animals that include man have souls. But Aristotle believes that every kind of living thing possessed a different kind of soul. Soul is simply defined by Aristotle â€Å"as the expression or realization of a natural body† by which he basically elaborate â€Å"soul according to its functions† (â€Å"On the Soul†). He holds the idea that there is a strong connection between the psychological states of living organisms (their sense of logic, reason and physical manifestations as product of their thought processes) and physiological processes. Body and soul are unified. â€Å"The movements or the development of the soul is manifested through the body† thus the soul is the substance that characterized the living body (Sachs 2001). The soul is inseparable from the body since it provides essential characters to it. However, Aristotle believes that every kind of living thing possesses a different version of soul. The nature of soul according to Aristotle depends on the type of organism and its position in the hierarchy. What makes a human being authentic to other living organisms is his ability to hold rational beliefs and to exercise reason. He classified life into different levels because of the soul they possessed. Plants have the lowest level of soul, animals other than humans have a higher level of souls and humans possessed the highest level of soul having the capacity for reason. Both plants and animals obtain what they need for reproduction and growth but only animals specifically man have a sense of touch or sensory, perception and cognitive abilities. The biological nature of human beings with their unique capacities to think and feel is definitely a reward. Aristotle says: â€Å"We must maintain, further, that the soul is also the cause of the living body as the original source of local movement. The power of locomotion is not found, however, in all living things. But change of quality and change of quantity are also due to the soul. Sensation is held to be a qualitative alteration, and nothing except what has soul in it is capable of sensation. The same holds of the quantitative changes which constitute growth and decay; nothing grows or decays naturally except what feeds itself, and nothing feeds itself except what has a share of soul in it† (Sachs 2001). Aristotle opposed the popular belief in Philosophy that a soul is a separate entity that can exist even without a body. However, Aristotle believes that the soul moves the body. Sensation, locomotion, biological and eventually physical development are caused by the soul. All the faculties of the soul are inseparable from the living body except our sense of reason, since reason will not die and fade. It has the capacity to live and facilitates even after death but not perception. When the living body dies, their biological and physical development and sensory faculties will eventually stop and obstruct. Aristotle in his views on soul basically believes that soul is not a separate entity but rather it is the actuality of the living body. Soul can not be immortal. When the living body dies the exercise or faculty of soul also stops with the exception of reason of course, since reason can stand on his own even after the death. Reference: On the Soul. (2009). In Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Retrieved February 28, 2009, from Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/428826/On-the-Soul Aristotle. Aristotle's On the Soul: And, On Memory and Recollection. Sachs (2001). Green Lion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Press

44 Funny Car Bumper Stickers About Work That Will Make You Laugh

44 Funny Car Bumper Stickers About Work That Will Make You Laugh If you need to take a break from the daily grind of life, kick back, grab a beer, and check out these 44 bumper sticks that clearly summarize how many people are feeling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Source: [JobMob]

Common Writing Errors Parallel Construction, Sentence Fragments

Common Writing Errors Parallel Construction, Sentence Fragments In November 2010, InternsOver40, a popular job-search site for older job seekers, published an article entitled Bobby’s Rant, Rave Whatever: Less is More? The second paragraph begins as follows: â€Å"Over the years I have ranted   to many of my close friends  that in my worst day I have more than 98% of the world. Those people who live on less than $68 dollars a month(yes month).† [sic] While I like the sentiment of this article, I am compelled to rant about its writing style.   First, there are small formatting issues like the extra space between â€Å"ranted† and â€Å"to,† and the lack of a space prior to â€Å"(yes month).†Ã‚   That’s just a tiny little rant. Did you Understand That Sentence?   Parallel Construction More notably there’s the sentence, â€Å"In my worst day I have more than 98% of the world.†Ã‚   Do you see the ambiguity here?   Honestly when I first read the sentence I did not understand it.   I thought the author was saying he had in his possession some percentage of the world.   Upon second or third reading, I realized he meant that he had more than does 98% of the world – or that he has more than 98% of the world has. On a basic level, the problem here is parallel construction.   Lack of parallel construction is an issue that plagues many writers, and that takes the sense out of sentences.   In my article about correlative conjunctions, I addressed the issue of parallel construction when using conjunctions such as both and and in a sentence.   If you read that article, you learned that the phrases after the correlative conjunctions â€Å"both† and â€Å"and† must be the same part of speech, e.g. He likes both running and swimming.   The same idea applies here. Take the following sentence.   How would you interpret its meaning? I like coffee more than my husband. Read grammatically, this sentence would imply that given a choice between coffee and her husband, the writer would choose coffee.   And although we might be able to cut corners in our spoken communications, it doesn’t work in writing. Now read: I like coffee more than does my husband. OR I like coffee more than my husband likes it. OR I like coffee more than my husband does. These versions are looking much better for the husband. To write an unambiguous sentence, we need to look at the two things being compared to ensure they are really the things we want to compare! â€Å"I like coffee more than my husband† has nouns (coffee, husband) as the compared objects, so â€Å"coffee† is compared against â€Å"my husband.†Ã‚   â€Å"I like coffee more than does my husband† has verbs as the compared objects (like, does) so we are comparing degrees of the verb â€Å"like.†Ã‚   And â€Å"I like coffee more than my husband likes it† again compares verbs (like, likes). Sentence Fragments You may also have noticed that the last sentence in the InternsOver40 paragraph is not a sentence.   It reads, â€Å"Those people who live on less than $68 dollars a month(yes month).† You can probably spot a sentence fragment when you see one.   Sometimes sentence fragments can be used to stylistic advantage, but I don’t think this particular fragment was effective, especially considering the multitude of other errors in the paragraph. If you are concerned, as I am, about what a major job seeking resource like InternsOver40 is teaching job seekers about how to write, please share your concern with them.   I personally would like to see InternsOver40 post well-written, well-edited articles that will give candidates tools to shine in their written presentation. Do you have a question about how to keep your sentence structure parallel?   Or about whether a sentence is a sentence fragment?   Id love to listen to and answer your questions.   Please share your comments below. Image courtesy Damian Cugley CC BY-SA 2.0 Category:Grammar Writing TipsBy Brenda BernsteinFebruary 21, 2011

Informacin detallada sobre el examen de ciudadana

Informacin detallada sobre el examen de ciudadana El examen de la ciudadanà ­a es el tercer paso paso convertirse en ciudadano estadounidense. Se inicia el proceso con el envà ­o al Servicio de Naturalizacià ³n e Inmigracià ³n (USCIS, siglas en inglà ©s) del formulario N-400 y el pago de las tasas correspondientes. En aproximadamente uno o dos meses, se recibe una cita para realizar las pruebas biomà ©tricas. Y unos cinco meses despuà ©s de haber iniciado el proceso, se cita al inmigrante para un examen. Entrevista para el examen para la naturalizacià ³n Se mantendr una conversacià ³n en inglà ©s con un oficial de inmigracià ³n sobre la aplicacià ³n enviada.Se recomienda llegar con tiempo a la entrevista. Al ser en un edificio federal, habr seguridad a la entrada y el proceso puede demorarse bastante tiempo. Si no puedes acudir a la cita con Inmigracià ³n por una causa grave, puedes intentar cambiar el dà ­a. Examen de inglà ©s El examen de ciudadanà ­a sobre conocimientos de inglà ©s tiene tres partes. La primera consiste en hablar en ese idioma con el oficial de inmigracià ³n que est manejando el caso. Es una conversacià ³n sencilla y el inglà ©s no tiene que ser perfecto, pero debe reconocerse como inglà ©s y ser suficiente como para comunicarse. En la segunda parte hay que demostrar que se puede leer en inglà ©s. Al inmigrante se le presenta un prrafo con tres frases en inglà ©s y debe ser capaz de leer al menos una. Cada frase es aproximadamente una là ­nea de larga. En la tercera parte, el oficial dictar una frase en inglà ©s que repetir hasta tres veces. Ejemplos reales son I love New York y America is the land of the free. Si el inmigrante no la escribe correctamente, se le dictarn dos frases ms. Si no es capaz de escribir correctamente ninguna de ellas, reprobar esta prueba. Se puede practicar este examen con ejemplos preparados por el USCIS o asistiendo a clases gratuitas para el examen de naturalizacià ³n que impartes diversas organizaciones en todo Estados Unidos. Existen dos excepciones a la obligacià ³n de hacer esta prueba. En primer lugar, estar exentas las personas que no està ©n en condiciones de realizar esta prueba por cuestiones de discapacidad fà ­sica o mental. Para beneficiarse de la excepcià ³n, estas personas debern presentar el formulario N-648 debidamente cumplimentado por un mà ©dico. En segundo lugar, si se reà ºnen los requisitos, no es necesario rendir el examen de inglà ©s y es posible responder en espaà ±ol a las preguntas sobre conocimientos cà ­vicos. Examen de ciudadanà ­a de conocimientos cà ­vicos Se trata de demostrar que el aspirante a ciudadano conoce mà ­nimamente la historia y la estructura polà ­tica de Estados Unidos. El USCIS ha confeccionado una lista de cien preguntas y el oficial de inmigracià ³n puede elegir diez de ellas y preguntrselas al inmigrante, quien deber contestar en inglà ©s correctamente un mà ­nimo de seis para pasar la prueba. Existen excepciones que pueden consultarse en el enlace anterior en el que se explica que no es necesario rendir el examen de inglà ©s. Ejemplo de pregunta tà ­pica del examen de ciudadanà ­a es: ¿cul es la capital del estado en el que vive? (Hay 50 posibles respuestas, depende de donde viva el inmigrante. Por ejemplo, en Nueva York la respuesta es Albany, en California es Sacramento y en Florida es Tallahassee. Esta es una pregunta donde los inmigrantes se equivocan frecuentemente ya que tienden a pensar que la ciudad ms grande del estado, como Ciudad de Nueva York, Los ngeles o Miami es la capital, y no siempre es asà ­. Una lista completa de las 100 preguntas y sus respuestas correctas puede ser consultada aquà ­. Recuerde que alguna de las preguntas puede tener varias respuestas vlidas. Lo mejor y recomendable es estudiar las respuestas preparadas por el USCIS y contestar una de ellas. Retrasos en la tramitacià ³n Si el USCIS se retrasa injustificadamente ms tiempo de lo que es habitual para este tipo de trmites entonces es posible demandar mediante un writ of madamus. Para ello es aconsejable siempre consultar con un abogado. Reprobar   Si no se pasa alguna de las tres pruebas -conversacià ³n, examen de inglà ©s o examen cà ­vico- el inmigrante tendr la oportunidad de intentarlo de nuevo, sà ³lo una vez ms, en un plazo mximo de tres meses. Denegacià ³n de la solicitud Si el rechazo fue porque la persona reprobà ³ el examen de inglà ©s o el de conocimientos cà ­vicos, una vez que crea que est preparado puede aplicar otra vez. Deber reiniciar todo el proceso desde cero, rellenando el formulario N-400, pagando las tasas y volviendo a realizar las pruebas biomà ©tricas de fotos y huellas digitales. Tips La entrevista y el examen en una sede del USCIS son frecuentemente grabados en una cmara de video. Eso quiere decir que siempre hay rà ©cord de las respuestas. Nunca se recomienda mentir a un oficial de inmigracià ³n, pero especialmente en estos casos. Ya que una mentira, de la que queda prueba grabada, podrà ­a anular en el futuro todo el proceso de naturalizacià ³n. Una vez finalizada la entrevista el inmigrante recibir un papel. En unas pocas ocasiones ya se le confirma que ha pasado el examen y que todo est listo para el juramento de la ciudadanà ­a. Pero lo ms frecuente es que simplemente diga que recibir por correo una respuesta. Si cambia de domicilio, recuerde que es su obligacià ³n notificarlo al USCIS. Es muy importante durante el proceso de naturalizacià ³n que las comunicaciones se reciban a tiempo. En la mayorà ­a de los casos en un plazo inferior a un mes se recibir una cita para ir a jurar. Ese papel contiene una serie de preguntas como si se ha salido del paà ­s desde la entrevista en Inmigracià ³n, si ha cambiado el estado civil por matrimonio, viudez o divorcio, si se ha cambiado el nombre o si se ha cometido algà ºn delito. Deber cumplimentarse y es muy importante llevarlo el dà ­a del juramento para convertirse en ciudadano. Una vez que se jura lealtad y fidelidad a los Estados Unidos se recibir un certificado de Naturalizacià ³n que no se puede ni enmarcar ni grapar y ya se puede solicitar por primera vez el pasaporte de EEUU. A partir del momento de la naturalizacià ³n el nuevo ciudadano nunca podr utilizar el pasaporte del paà ­s en el que nacià ³ para entrar o salir de Estados Unidos. Est absolutamente prohibido. Asimismo, a partir de momento en que se convierte en ciudadano puede registrarse para votar inmediatamente, sin tener que esperar a solicitar el pasaporte estadounidense. Por à ºltimo, cabe destacar que cuando una persona se convierte en ciudadano, automticamente convierte en ciudadanos a sus hijos residentes permanentes menores de 18 aà ±os que viven con à ©l o ella. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Looking at the political development of the region, what is the role Research Paper

Looking at the political development of the region, what is the role and importance of multilateral organizations such as ASEAN - Research Paper Example This was true for all irrespective of the form of rule be it monarchy, communism, military rule or democracy. ASEAN policy of constructive intervention has led to increased participation of all the countries, including Myanmar, in the regional affairs. Establishment of AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) has led to increased free trade in the region. However, AFTA is not as strong and consolidated as EU and needs further intensification. Currently ASEAN holds around 200 meetings annually2 for increasing the economic prospects within and outside the region. Even China, which is busy setting up several military base stations in within and outside the ASEAN region, is exploring every possibility to increase in trade and investment openness among other countries. However, there is a need to make the Treaty of Amity and Co-operation in Southeast Asia sharper for economic well-being of the member countries. With US biggest consumer and China the biggest producer, there will always be economic int er-dependence in the Asia Pacific region. Hence APEC could not have been only a consultative forum. All the countries in the association have adhered to an open multiparty system of trading. Though APEC includes economically stronger countries like U.S., Australia, New Zealand and Canada, ASEAN countries in the ASEAN-APEC group are definitely going to have competitive advantage over the others.

Visual art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Visual art - Essay Example However, it is also evident that Spanish cinema has an increasingly international appeal with added creativity and dynamism than at any time in its history. Results released by the Spanish film board shows that Spanish films have grossed more than $143 million in 2013despite funding cuts that have been a result of austerity measures (Dennison 16). This is the best performance ever by the industry, which can be attributed, among other things, to the conscious attempts by the industry to appeal to a global audience base. Some of the best films I have watched in the last year include â€Å"The Impossible† that I believe is the best local Spanish film of all time, which earned an Oscar nomination. â€Å"I Want you† by Fernando Molina and â€Å"Tad, the Lost Explorer† were also local hits that gained international recognition in this period. These films also grossed $50 million, $15 million, and  million locally, while making double the amount globally, indicating a renaissance for the Spanish film industry (Dennison 34). This year has also begun brightly with â€Å"Mama† produced by Guillermo Toro and starring Jessica Chastain, which was also successful in the US, beginning its run in at the top of the box office. However, it is also important to note that these successful films began production over four years ago; mostly because of a decline in government, funding that was widely criticized in the Spanish media. The last year and half have been the most successful for the Spanish film industry according to the Spanish media, especially due to its simultaneous international and local appeal. For example, the four nominees at the GOYA awards this year for best picture, â€Å"Unit 7†, â€Å"The Artist and the Model†, â€Å"The Impossible†, and â€Å"Blancanieves†, were especially appealing to local audience as they tackled the theme of crisis, which has been emblematic of Spain in the last five years (Dennison 34). However, my interest in the Spanish

Managing Human Resources-Phase 2 DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managing Human Resources-Phase 2 DB - Essay Example For the individual, we should not make the assumption that everyone’s motivation is the same. While someone just starting out in his/her career may have long-term goals, a professional with 20 years under his/her belt will bring a different set of needs and desires to the position. It is helpful to understand each team member’s background when determining what motivates them. For the team, we should consider what kind of a sales and support structure we would like to create. At NL&S, we already have an exciting message of growth. We can supplement that message with customer service and follow-through. We have had some issues at NL&S related to customer service. It may make sense to tie the customer service people to our sales team—there will be more on this in the recommendations (Levine, 2004). Finally, we need to motivate not just the top performers, but the mid-level performers as well. It’s easy to give the top sellers great bonuses, but they were motivated to sell (or talented enough) anyway. By reaching to the middle level of our organization, we can pull them up with the proper motivation to exceed our expectations (Clive, 2007). The first thing we should do is interview the salespeople one-on-one. I would suggest that I sit in on each interview, in order to provide additional input and to listen from a different perspective. The primary reasons for this interview will be To determine what motivates the individual sales reps: talk about their top three items. I would expect, from a survey of literature, that they want to belong to a winning team, look good to their friends, family and fellow workers, and be well-compensated for good performance. To determine if there are any barriers to their better performance. We will concentrate on product and sales knowledge, problems that they may be encountering with our organization, our products, or our customer service. Since sales reps are

How am I prepared to contribute to Pepperdine's mission and community Essay

How am I prepared to contribute to Pepperdine's mission and community of faith, learning, and service - Essay Example Starting from my school I have always been obedient to my religion and faith and have took all the aspects of life along with my strong faith. I have strived for education all my life and have come to the conclusion that one can never stop learning. I can contribute to the mission of Pepperdine university by using my skills to bring about a change in the society along with my faith. With my strong beliefs in religion I believe that I can take both my faith and education together at the same time. Throughout my life I have undergone many instances in which I had to act as a leader and this has given me experience when leading individuals. I believe that I can lead from the front and can strive for education if enrolled in the Pepperdine University. By getting enrolled in the University not only would I be able to commit myself to the mission of Pepperdine but would also be able to learn more. The excellent curriculum of Pepperdine University suits the needs of every student who wants to learn. I being a struggling student always dreamt of studying in a reputable institute. By getting enrolled in the Pepperdine University I can be able to learn and experience more which I can share around with people and make them aware about different things. With the help of the excellence provided by Pepperdine University I would be able to excel in my studies and polish my talent so that it does not come to a waste.

Distributed Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Distributed Systems - Essay Example It comprises of a stub and skeleton each at the client and server side respectively, wherein the stub is an object implementing the same interface as that of the remote object. The stub implementation is not the real one, which means it acts as a proxy. In fact, a Stub is a client side object but maintains a reference to the actual server side object. The reference maintained by the stub is the virtual reference which is through network connections for which the relevant resources are provided by the RMI runtime environment which is responsible for establishing socket connections with the other end. The request of the client sent through the network connections, are received by the server side Skeleton, which performs the opposite operation as done by the Stub (unmarshalling) and services the request which again is de-serialized by the stub. 6) The relevant data required to perform the method invocation will also be sent along the request in a network representable format. The transportable format is known as marshaling. RMI implements marshaling through serialization feature of the java language. Both the ends are in java Serialization. 1) The major drawback it holds is that, RMI only works where both server and client side programs are implemented in the same language that is JAVA. It wont support the implementation in any other language. CORBA is an abbreviation... RMI implements marshaling through serialization feature of the java language. Both the ends are in java Serialization. 7) It mainly supports object-by-value. 8) It relies on naming service for the distribution of stubs over the network which is analogous to the telephone directory, where it associates a unique name to the object, given by us. Disadvantages 1) The major drawback it holds is that, RMI only works where both server and client side programs are implemented in the same language that is JAVA. It wont support the implementation in any other language. 2) Since it implements RPC style, the client is blocked till the procedure returns. This style of communication is synchronous by nature. 3) Java call semantics are changed so that thread identity is not maintained. 4) An high end application can become slow if the implementation involves RMI. 5) There are limited development tools. 6) Clients need access to the latest stubs as more and more functionalities are incorporated. CORBA CORBA is an abbreviation for Common Object Request Architecture. It is a specification for developing distributed application which is object oriented and language independent. CORBA provides interoperability between various platforms. Since the choice of a Operation System is not going to make any difference. The heart of CORBA application is a piece of software infrastructure ORB (Object Request Broker). ORB provides a communication bus for applications to interact with each other. It's a piece of software infrastructure given by vendors where from jdk1.2 onwards the java API for CORBA is known as JavaIDL. CORBA allows us to invoke remote operations as if they are local methods. This is possible due to the existence of a proxy which we call as stub in the CORBA

Alcan case study analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Alcan case study analysis - Essay Example In its entirety, business management is highly critical and constantly evolving especially in the aspect of resources, and this is the central idea where the Alcan case revolves around, managing the work force, because people is the most essential asset of any business that hopes to be successful for the long term2. In the Alcan case, the conflict created by lack of communication and the inability to effectively manage the work force created placed the smelting industry at risk of loosing enormously even to a point of closure. The succeeding paragraph will therefore attempt to dissect each of the issues contributing to the tension as well as the solutions that were implemented, ending the rift between management and labor union. The main issue involved in the Alcan Case is Industrial labor relations creating an impact in the productivity of the manufacturing plant. In an industry that utilizes human resource as the main key to productivity, human resource management plays an imperative role in the sustainability of that industry whereby excellent degree of skills are required to handle issues from recruitment requisites, skills training and performance ensuring personnel and management policies conforming to regulations. Managing the work force as well production is a very complicated task that requires a higher level of understanding of theories related to management and organization. There are many proponents to these theories, and almost all of them are relevant to the issues present in the Alcan Case. It is important to note that the core of the Alcan issue involves the increasing grievances of the workers owing to the tension within. Among the theory applicable to this case is the system theory whereby managers are to recognize the various parts of the organization when attempting to resolve issues There are several contemporary theory of management, among them includes contingency, system and chaos theory. Contingency theory asserts that when managers make a decision, they must take into account all aspects of the current situation and act on those aspects that are key to the situation at hand3. System theory on the other hand, helps managers view the organization from a broader perspective, since this theory brought a new perspective for the interpretation of patterns and events in the workplace. It recognizes various parts of the organization, specifically the interaction and coordination within central administration with its programs, engineering with manufacturing, supervisors with workers. Chaos theory recognizes that events indeed are rarely controlled. In his article, Mcnamara claimed that many chaos theorists refer to biological systems when explaining their theory and suggest that systems naturally go to more complexity, and as they do so, these systems become more v olatile (or susceptible to cataclysmic events) and must expend more energy to maintain that complexity. As they expend more energy, they seek more structure to maintain stability. Mcnamara further said that this trend continues until the system splits, combines with another complex system or falls apart entirely. This trend is what many see as the trend in life, in organizations and the world in general4. The underlying root cause of the Alcan/Lynemouth smelting industry was a classic case of human resource mismanagement. There was an

Distributed Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Distributed Systems - Essay Example It comprises of a stub and skeleton each at the client and server side respectively, wherein the stub is an object implementing the same interface as that of the remote object. The stub implementation is not the real one, which means it acts as a proxy. In fact, a Stub is a client side object but maintains a reference to the actual server side object. The reference maintained by the stub is the virtual reference which is through network connections for which the relevant resources are provided by the RMI runtime environment which is responsible for establishing socket connections with the other end. The request of the client sent through the network connections, are received by the server side Skeleton, which performs the opposite operation as done by the Stub (unmarshalling) and services the request which again is de-serialized by the stub. 6) The relevant data required to perform the method invocation will also be sent along the request in a network representable format. The transportable format is known as marshaling. RMI implements marshaling through serialization feature of the java language. Both the ends are in java Serialization. 1) The major drawback it holds is that, RMI only works where both server and client side programs are implemented in the same language that is JAVA. It wont support the implementation in any other language. CORBA is an abbreviation... RMI implements marshaling through serialization feature of the java language. Both the ends are in java Serialization. 7) It mainly supports object-by-value. 8) It relies on naming service for the distribution of stubs over the network which is analogous to the telephone directory, where it associates a unique name to the object, given by us. Disadvantages 1) The major drawback it holds is that, RMI only works where both server and client side programs are implemented in the same language that is JAVA. It wont support the implementation in any other language. 2) Since it implements RPC style, the client is blocked till the procedure returns. This style of communication is synchronous by nature. 3) Java call semantics are changed so that thread identity is not maintained. 4) An high end application can become slow if the implementation involves RMI. 5) There are limited development tools. 6) Clients need access to the latest stubs as more and more functionalities are incorporated. CORBA CORBA is an abbreviation for Common Object Request Architecture. It is a specification for developing distributed application which is object oriented and language independent. CORBA provides interoperability between various platforms. Since the choice of a Operation System is not going to make any difference. The heart of CORBA application is a piece of software infrastructure ORB (Object Request Broker). ORB provides a communication bus for applications to interact with each other. It's a piece of software infrastructure given by vendors where from jdk1.2 onwards the java API for CORBA is known as JavaIDL. CORBA allows us to invoke remote operations as if they are local methods. This is possible due to the existence of a proxy which we call as stub in the CORBA

Hr in Action Case Incident Essay Example for Free

Hr in Action Case Incident Essay 1.Mr. Fisher made a number of mistakes, the first being his trying to set up and run a company in the American way. He did not investigate the local laws and cultures to see what, if any differences there would be in areas of sales and employment. He did not consider local taxing rules where foreigners have to have special visas and taxes are paid to maintain and keep those visas. He obviously does not understand that the cultural attitudes toward work are not the same as in the United States. The walk about person is not unusual and should not be dismissed out of hand. The laws in Germany are very different and very clear, so not educating himself on these issues was a bad move. 2.He should have gone through local agencies to receive guidance on the laws of employment and the hiring of employees. By turning over the hiring job, with his final approval, to professionals in the local market, he may have attracted more viable candidates. Additionally, in many areas, finding a job in the paper is not the way professionals work. Using expatriates is good, but only if you are aware of local laws concerning them and use them in the appropriate manner. Even an expatriate may have had better luck in the hiring process. Also, being out of country is difficult at best and not compensating for time and needs is one way to lose valuable employees. Situations of rental property, differences in pricing and exchange rates, issues such as family and insurance and health care are all part of having expatriates. The company HR must be prepared to deal with these issues and concerns before the person is sent overseas, preferably with some training in local cultures and needs of the community they are going to work in. 3.At this point, he should contact the best local employment firms and tell them the problems he has had, what the needs of the company and the employees are, and seek their guidance in correcting the problems that have been created. He should listen to their guidance and use his own research to come up with a firm HR plan to meet the company needs and then convey that to the employment firm, the employees from the United States, and the local employees, so everyone has the same plan of action and knowledge of what the company expects. A Standard Operating Procedure manual would not hurt here as well.

Outsourcing In The Hotel Industry Business Essay

Outsourcing In The Hotel Industry Business Essay Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction Outsourcing is the opportunity for the organization in hospitality industry and some others industry as well which can provide service and product for them and can enhance their profitability without producing things are internally. As an example Hotels can outsource their food and beverage, marketing process, HR process etc., from their outsource provider. By outsourcing firms can get more opportunity in the market to run their business in a better way.Becouse it can be really risk free and more productive in terms of the flexibility and availability. According to Fair and Shaw (1997) abstract, outsourcing can be defined as the process of acquiring an item that the company cannot produce internally. It engages delegating or replacementing an internal service or role with an external service which is provided by experts who are skilful in the condition of that service accordingly. In another way outsourcing is the way to operate a business with less management and operation risk and within a time frame. It can increase the profitability within the organization and can enhance the brand image in terms of better service and efficiency. Because when firms prefer the outsource rather than doing things by won they can get some more option and more trust and less risk which can make their service more effective and productive. 1.2 Problem Statement In the new global economy, outsourcing has becoming a central issue among expert in the hotel industry. Outsourcing is a method, which has been adapted by various companies to provide various services to customers and employees. Someone else, from an external resource, implements outsoaring. By using this method, it helps the company to reduce cost. Most companies use outsourcing/third party for better efficiency. Established company utilize this method to improve their service quality. Outsourcing provides specialised functions to help complete the task. In fact, many hotels are opting for the outsourcing business strategy to help the hotel business in keeping up with their rival hotel and the same time cut on their cost. In the research paper it discussed that the benefit of hotels outsourcing of HR and Marketing section. So, the problem statement is To what extant hotels are benefited by doing outsourcing -a study on Holiday Inn hotel. In the research work, the researcher must have very clear understanding of the topic or problem they are investigating. Without clear and sufficient theoretical knowledge it will become difficult to conduct any research work. For my research topic it is important to acquire theoretical knowledge about the functions of outsourcing in order to analyse the importance, impact and prospects of outsourcing. This research work could not be completed properly without collecting data and gathering information correctly and using them appropriately. A lot of text books, reference books, journals and reports were consulted to prepare this research work in line of the aim and objectives of the research work. The most important task was to get the primary data from the management team of Holiday Inn Hotel. 1.3 Research Question Its absolutely essential to develop a research question that I interested in or care about in order to focus my research and my paper .This study is set up to answer following research question To do outsourcing is a good idea for hotel business? Is Outsourcing more effective than doing things by own? How outsourcing can give some extra benefit for the organization? How outsourcing can reduce the cost and risk for the organization? What are the main reasons for outsourcing HR and Marketing process? How outsourcing has positively contributed to the financial position of the hotel? How correctly executed outsourcing can enhance the hotels competitiveness? 1.4 Significance/scope of the research This research can help individuals, especially decision-makers and planners, as well as firms identify the various components of outsourcing that can bring many potential benefits, such as cost reduction, performance improvement, flexibility, specialisation, and access to innovation on the business of hotels by utilising it. It is a fact that most companies are at under great pressure to take up outsourcing as a major competition. The Hotel Industry is one of the thriving businesses in the world. In fact, in this globalised world many hotels are opting for the outsourcing business strategy to help the hotel business in keeping up with their rival hotels and at the same time cut on their cost. For this case study I want to try to find out to what degree the hotels can benefit from outsourcing their HR process and Marketing process from the study of Holiday Inn hotel in Brentwood, UK. There are two types of outsourcing which is implemented in the hotel industry. This includes selective outsourcing and complete outsourcing. Selective outsourcing pertains to certain functions which are chosen for outsourcing, which can be the database of customers or accounts records of the hotel and etc. On the other hand, complete outsourcing refers to the whole function which is outsourced. Though hotels are recognising the importance of outsourcing, this does not mean that this business strategy is applicable to all. Outsourcing can be viewed as the process whereby activities traditionally carried out internally is contracted out to external providers. Outsourcing has become a significant facet of modern hotel management. As the market for outsourcing grows, it will have a dramatic impact on how businesses are structured, managed and viewed by owners, employees, and customers. In spite of fairly extensive coverage given to hotel outsourcing management issues, there has been limited academic research in this area. Besides, no specific accounting focused studies concerned with hotel outsourcing have been found in the literature. 1.5 Research Objectives The purpose of this research work is to examine and assess the effectiveness of outsourcing of the hotel. The main objective of this research is to examine and discuss the influence the outsourcing of the hotel and its impact on cost and benefits. This research work also aims to provide an insight of how important the outsourcing is to increase the productivity of the hotel. Outsourcing carries significant implications for a hotels cost structure and control procedures. In light of this, it is important that hotel accountants are appropriately equipped to play an active role in outsourcing decision-making and control. The objective of this research is to provide a management accounting perspective on issues surrounding hotel outsourcing management. This work outlines the many costs and benefits that should be considered when deciding whether to outsource. The objectives are as follows: To criticallydiscuss the effect and influence the outsourcing of the hotel on business performance. To study about how does outsourcing is managed by the hotel. To discuss and identify critically how it helps cut costs while managing outsourcing. To discuss about how it help compete with other hotels in order to cut costs and earn profits for the hotel. 1.6 Ethical Issues In preparing my research project it is important that I need to consider with the ethical issues that will arise when I was collecting data and trying to make communication with people. I also believe seriously the human rights and wrong of what I may be undertaking and the moral values and principles that guide my actions. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I have done my communication section very clearly and sincerely for the understanding of the nature and reasons for my research, whom it may benefit and how, and what costs or risks are involved for informants. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I respect peoples even they are not cooperate with me, or pull out from the project. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I also tried to avoid, or at least acquire some ladder to reduce, pointless Destruction, hazard or false to the collection of people I was learning and working with them as well as sourcing embarrassment to them. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ I tried to protect the individuality of respondents where essential and treat them with respect. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ For the privacy I did not allowed any third parties access to sensitive information I may have obtain. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Regarding the confidentiality it was totally in memory contracts with the person, the group of people, or an organisation, about what may be done with their data. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Regarding the anonymity I can give the certainty that there was a require of identifiers vis-à  -vis information that basically indicate which individuals or organisations provided which data. Consideration of the above issues clearly I can take it very critically when I need to handle the responsive information. 1.7 Hypotheses Successful implementation of outsourcing can result in enhanced brand recognition and profitable for the hotels. Outsourcing can reduce cost and risk and can give some better feedback for the organization. Outsourcing can enhance hotels competitiveness Outsourcing can be a positive contribution for the financial position of the hotel Chapter 2 2.0 Literature review 2.1 Introduction of Literature review 2.2 Outsourcing Contract with two organization one is outsource supplier and another one is outsource holder . most of the big companies currently prefer the outsource process for their different type of service, such as call canter services, food and beverage outlet-mail services, recruitment process ,Marketing and HR process. Those processing can be handle by the supplier and outsource holders can trust them fully because outsourcing providers basically more careful and aware regarding their responsibilities. Knowles and also Davis .Lockwood, Pantelidis and Alcott (2008) define contract catering and food services management as operations that provide meals in outlets that do not have the provision to produce them. Moreover Coates (1971 cited by Wilson, Murray, Black and McDowell 1998:74) define a contract caterer as: An individual or company, who in recognition of financial reward, will undertake to administer, control and direct a specified catering operation within the guidelines stipulated by the [client] company. 2.3 Reasons of outsourcing Although the main objective of outsourcing is often cost reduction, many companies fail to realize any cost benefits. In particular, Gartner is predicting that by 2007, 80% of organizations that outsource customer service projects with the primary goal of cutting costs, will fail in that attempt. Part of the reasoning behind this statistic is the high staff attrition rates at outsourcing companies, sometimes as high as 80% to 100%. Combine this added cost from attrition along with the hidden costs of client loss due to increased frustration and its clear that an outsourcing engagement, if not careful monitored, can easily fail. Among the lots of reason of outsourcing some key reasons are flexibility, cost reducing, availability, good quality etc. All those factors are influencing the organizations of hospitality industry to go for outsourcing. It can reduce the risk management for the particular organization as well. Another important reason for outsourcing is the time convenience in terms of quick service. Outsourcing is an important phenomenon in hotel sector. It is changing from a tactical to a strategic perspective, with greater scope and relevance to the creation of competitive advantages. The opening up of hotels to outsourcing and strategic alliances improves individual competitiveness, but also has strong repercussions on destinations, especially those in a stage of maturity and requiring new approaches to improve competitiveness. This change in inter organizational relationships to a strategic perspective requires new theoretical and practical frameworks to make it easier for hotels to outsource their operations with greater potential for competitive advantage. 2.4 Outsourcing and organizational performance Outsourcing is attractive to senior management because it improves some of the Dimensions of organizational performance (Lilly et al., 2005). According to the survey, conducted by Accenture and the Economist Intelligence Unit, two-thirds of the respondents all of whom had been outsourcing a major business process for at least two years agreed that outsourcers who know how to manage the process can enhance their companys performance and achieve a high level of satisfaction with the results (Lacey and Blumberg, 2005).Gilley and Rasheed (2000) proposed that organizational performance in hotels improves for three reasons. First, an increased focus on a firms core competencies is an important benefit associated with outsourcing (Dess et al., 1995; Gilley and Rasheed, 2000; Kotabe and Murray, 1990; Venkatraman, 1997). The evolving literature on core competencies has been concerned with the make-or-buy decision that every firm faces. Should a hotel run its own restaurant, clean its own rooms and common areas, and trim its own trees, or should it outsource these tasks to vendors that specialise in catering, janitorial services and grounds keeping (Espino-RodrÄ ±Ã‚ ´guez and Padro ´n-Robaina, 2005; Taylor, 2005; Walker and Weber, 1987)? Ronald Coase (1937) first tackled this question 70 years ago in a classic article. His broad argument was similar to Adam Smiths: if an outside party can do the work more efficiently and inexpensively than can the firm itself, then the outside party ought to do it: if the firms employees can do the job better, then the work ought to remain in-house (Bahli, 2002; Espino-RodrÄ ±Ã‚ ´guez and Padro ´n-Robaina, 2005; Taylor, 2005). 2.5 Conclusion of literature review There are a number of studies that focus on explaining the effect of outsourcing. Abraham and Taylor (1996) find that firms contract out services with the objectives of smoothing production cycles and benefiting from specialisation. Raa and Wolff (2001) find a positive association between the rate of outsourcing and productivity growth (Jiang and Qureshi, 2006). Elmuti (2003) also provided support for empirical evidence for an outsourcing-productivity relationship. He found that outsourcing accounted for about 40 per cent of the variance in productivity. Many outsourcing studies in hospitality industry debate the advantages and disadvantages contractor catering and food service management operations. This research critically discuses to what extent hotels can benefit from outsourcing their food and beverage operation. A hotel may benefit from outsourcing their Food and beverage facility because managers can focus on their core competency. Also, it brings to the hotels external suppliers investment and with it innovation at minimum financial risk. For this reasons hotels are likely to gain better competitive advantage. Chapter 3 3.0 Methodology 3.1 The nature of study In light of the substantial international literature describing hotel outsourcing, it appears that outsourcing in hotels is relatively limited. Like there are some key sections for outsourcing for the hotel Industry those are HR process, marketing and pay roll. 3.2 Source of Data and Data Collection Procedure The research has been conducted with primary data. For the primary data collection process I used the qualitative date collection process which is interview base. For my study I chose structure interview and prepared a list of question. Based on my question I have done my interview through asking question step by step which helped me to get result very clearly. 3.3 Population and Sample Size of this Study Holiday Inn is the UKs largest and fastest-growing hotel brand with over 580 budget hotels and more than 40,000 rooms across the UK and Ireland And from all of them my research area is Holiday Inn Brentwood, UK, were considered as the population for this study. From the management team 8 to 10 were selected as the respondents for collecting the data for my research. The responses of the respondents interviewed were analysed to gain insights into qualitative aspects of the outsourcing activities used by their firms. Qualitative analysis of the collected data from the respondents firms has been made. 3.4 Interview Question The research data were collected using Interview Question. At first a request letter were e-mailed to all the operation management team of the Holiday Inn Hotel , a population of more than 8 team members in total. In all, 3 responses were received, representing a response rate of over 40%. And finally got the appointment for the interview with the Operation Manager of Holiday Inn Hotel and two of the members from their management team. Non-response bias may also possibly have affected the results. Respondents were asked to answer their question step by step .interview question was divided into three sections, each of which is detailed below. A copy of the questionnaire is included as Appendix 2. Interview with Operation Manager It was a face to face interview and the time period was one hour. There was a sample question which contains 3 sections. All regarding outsourcing of Holiday Inn hotel. First section was regarding outsourcing functions and benefits; second section was regarding the suppliers and quality of outsourcing and the third section was the opinion part of the respondent. Interview with the management team members It was also a face to face group interview with two management team members. It was more than 30 munities discussion and was a very effective session for my research. Location The interviews were in Holiday Inn Brentwood M25, Jct.28, and Brook Street, Brentwood, CM14 5NF United Kingdom. Other details The research was conducted between 5th December and 6th December 2010.Respondant was Ujjal Chwdhury the operation Manager, Ashfaq Khan and Azaz Bhimani the management team members.The researcher is Farhana Sorker. 4.0 Finding and Analysis 4.1 Background of the organization The first Holiday Inn opened in  Memphis,Tennessee  in  1952. The chain was established to provide inexpensive accommodations for families and travelers within the US. It was acquired by the Intercontinental Hotels Group  (IGH) in  1990. In October  2007, IHG announced a worldwide relaunch of the Holiday Inn brand including a redesigned welcome experience along with signature bedding and bathroom products. Included within the Holiday Inn brand is  Holiday Inn Express, a mid-priced chain of express hotels which focuses on value and convenience for business travelers who dont require more than the most standard amenities. 4.1.1 Brand Image of Holiday Inn Hotel One of the worlds most recognised hotel brands with a global reputation for service, comfort and value. Holiday Inn offer todays business and leisure travellers dependability, friendly service and modern attractive facilities at an excellent value and at convenient locations throughout the world. Since 1952 Holiday Inn Hotels have provided the services business travellers need, while also offering leisure travelers a comfortable, casual atmosphere where they can relax. And now, a global relaunch of the Holiday Inn brand family is in its final stages and is expected to be complete by the end of 2010. The relaunch will improve quality and service levels, and drive consistency, creating a new, more contemporary brand image at all Holiday Inn hotels around the world. 4.2 Summary of findings 4.2.1 Outsourcing Function in Holiday Inn Hotel Holiday Inn Hotel working with Hcareers to outsource their recruitment process which is basically working for their workforce. Hcareers have a very good image in the market as a outsource provider.And they are providing the accurate one in the accurate place for theorganization.Currently Hcareers operating their business among three countries, those are US which is Hcareers.com , Canada which is Hcareer.ca and Hcareers.co.uk in United Kingdom. And all are working for the hospitality related organization. Who are looking for the job in the hospitality sector they can go and open the page and can apply over their. Hcareers trying to provide more flexible system for the job seeker. According to the operation manager of Holiday Inn Hotel it is clear that they are really happy with Hcareers service and they are getting the right person in the right place for their organization. Also they are working with caters.com for their outsourcing And for their marketing process they are using HS company and getting all the services for their promotion process. 4.2.2 Benefits of Outsourcing Outsourcing is the exercise of getting service from outside firms to maintain work usually performed within an organization which can be a familiar concept. Holiday Inn currently outsources their recruitment processing and marketing as well. Most of organization do not concern about the benefits of outsourcing. Outsourcing can reduce cost and save money, which can be a big reason to go for outsourcing but there are some more reason as well .outsourcing can reduce the management risk for the organization and can give a financial support as well. Flexibility and availability of service or product is an good example as well. And Holiday Inn is one of the companies getting the following benefits from the outsourcing. Control capital costs:  reducing cost for the organization is not only the good point to outsourcing but also it is a really major factor. Outsourcing exchange fixed expenditure into changeable expenditure, which can make complimentary assets for savings somewhere else in their industry, and allows them to stay away from huge expenditures in the early phases of their business. Outsourcing also makes their organization more attractive for the investors, since they are able to drive extra assets in a straight line into revenue-producing performance. Increase efficiency:  Doing everything by own the companies need to follow some more investigate, expansion, promotion, and delivery charge. Thats why Holiday Inn decides to do the outsourcing process. By outsourcing they are getting more efficiency in their business. Reduce labour costs.  Maintaining the HR department by own can be very costly for an organization, and its also heard to get feedback on right time by the temporary employees. So that Hiloday Inn working with Hcarear and caters.com and this Outsourcing by which they can focus their human resources where they require them mainly. Start new projects quickly.  Holiday Inn getting the best service and facilities from their outsourcing firms. Because of the flexibility, efficiency and availability they can start a new project within a very short time and can get the services from their outsource providers as their requirement. Focus on your core business.  All organization has restricted capital, and all managers has inadequate time and concentration which is not different for Holiday Inn. Outsourcing helping them for their business to move its focal point from tangential performance toward work that hand out the customers outsourcing helpful for managers to place their precedences extra evidently. Reduce risk.  All business has some risk and they have to face it when they operate their business. Every thing can change very quickly in this world .Outsourcing providers take for granted and handle this risk for the Holiday Inn Hotel, which normally a large amount better for come to a decision how to avoid risk in their section of proficiency. 4.2.3 Suppliers Hcareer and caters.com and HS company are the outsource suppliers for Holiday Inn Hotel.Hcareer and Caters.com is for their recruitment process and HS Company is for Marketing strategy. 4.2.4 Quality maintain by outsourcing The Product Specification Quality Requirements (PSQRà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢),The ultimate goal of The PSQR is to act as a central point to assemble, share and verify critical information related to the product. The Product Specification (PS) details the products bill of materials, packaging and other physical components and their assembly or relationship together. The Quality Requirements (QR) details what is expected from the product in terms of appearance, workmanship, performance, testing and packaging. Together they form the complete PSQR, which becomes a controlled document, and becomes the marching orders for the Quality Team at the outsourced manufacturers facility to see that the product produced and shipped is equivalent to everything outlined and detailed in the PSQR. Typically, the development of the PSQR is a cumulative and additive process with a focus on continuous improvements over a reasonable amount of time. Team involvement is essential to make the PSQR comprehensive and relevant for all users. Seldom is it perfect from the start. It is only after considerable c ontributions and sharing / debating by various personalities and disciplines within the system that a PSQR can be at its peak of usefulness and relevance. All participants in the PSQR development process must pay very close attention to details to ensure success. The following template has been developed and refined over a number of years in practice of managing the quality of products at outsourced suppliers facilities. Designed to be prepared in close collaboration with the outsourced supplier it presents a standard format for compiling the Product Specifications and Quality Requirements and may easily be adapted to meet special requirements as needed. In this way Holiday Inn getting the more quality service from their supplier and controlling the quality of their company. 5.0 Recommendation The key things for outsourcing that have to have a good negotiation power when an organization decide to do any outsource, need to have a right people in contract respect to details to be actually tern on the negotiation basis and the contract need to be actually followed up so ether way in terms of breach of contact than both party should know in respect of what is can do things and what cant do things in respect to the both of the organization (Outsourcing provider and outsourcing holder) to help. And the same time the cost element effect organization can subsidise quite a lot because the delivery will be on time. So based on that its better for organization to move forward and to get a better product and resource its better to go for outsourcing. 6.0 Conclusion At the end of this research it clearly understandable that hotels are really benefited by doing outsourcing in terms of management risk and cost quality control process. It can enhance the hotels competitiveness and can reduce the operational risk which indicate that outsourcing has positively contributed to the financial position of the hotel. By outsourcing when an organization can get more benefit rather than doing things by own, so it can be happen that most organizations are really dependent on outsourcing. From the hospitality industry hotels are like Holiday Inn hotel getting a big amount benefit which is helping them to operate their business very frequently with a good quality and assured them to keep the business for long time. By this kind of facility organization can achieve their goal on time.

The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

The Great Gatsby   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Great Gatsby is a really good book that deals with many different issues with its many different characters. A few of these characters share some characteristics while they are completely different at the same time. In this essay I will show you the similarities and differences in Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First off the similarities. Although there are not many there is a few to be talked about. Number one similarity between Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway is the location of their establishment. Both Jay Gatsby and Nick Carrawy live in the same neighborhood, West Egg. This is the least fashionable of the two but still a nice place to live. The other neighborhood is East Egg and that is where all the rich people with their old money and mansions lived. The West Egg is for the middle class. Although Jay Gatsby is not middle class, he is not considered to live at East Egg because Jay Gatsby did not inherit his parents money who inherited it from their parents, he worked for it. Another similarity between Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway is they are both hardworking people in search of the American Dream. Jay Gatsby has done a little better in his search than Nick Carraway, but Jay Gatsby still has to work for his money. It was not handed to him like Tom Buchanan had it handed to him. Jay Gatsby went to Oxford and then supposedly became a bootlegger. This is part of how Jay Gatsby became so rich. Nick Carraway on the other hand went into business and is just surviving. He is not rich, but with some more hard work he is well on his way.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now onto the differences. Jay Gatsby and his wealth is something that differs from Nick Carraway. Jay Gatsby lives in a mansion where he has his servants that clean and maintain his establishment. Nick Carraway on the other hand lives in a house that he calls an â€Å"eye sore† which is stuck between two mansions. Nick Carraway’s house is maintained but not by servants and not as well as Jay Gatsby’s mansion. Nick Carraway also does not obtain the same social status as Jay Gatsby due to the fact that Nick Carraway is not rich. Being rich gets Jay Gatsby alot of things like ladies, amusement, and

Snowboarding trip :: essays research papers

Snowboarding can be an energizing, invigorating experience and I think that everyone who likes skateboarding should give it a try. Snowboarding is very similar to skateboarding, the only differences are that you have to be strapped to the board and you need snow. The only type of equipment you need to snowboard is a snowboard and warm clothes. Snowboarding can be done at any ski resort and is growing in popularity. On my nineteenth birthday I decided that I wanted to go to Peak-in-Peak ski resort. I called TJ, Scott, and Justin to invite them on this trip; they all accepted my invention to go. The fact that the three of them have skateboarded with me for a number of years I knew that they would be interested in learning to snowboard; what better time than this trip to do so. The ski resort that I had picked for the trip was in New York. Peak-in-Peak was perfect for all levels of snowboarding. I was most interested in the snowboard train park that was offered there. February 22, 2001 we arrived at our condo that I had rented for our weekend of excitement. It was Friday at about 5:00pm, the Friday of my birthday. After checking in we were all eager to hit the slopes. We all got changed into our snowboard gear and set out for some fun. TJ and Justin caught on to the sport very quickly, after a couple of falls they were up and going down the hill. Scott took a little more time and instruction from me to pick up the art of going down the hill. After all the fun snowboarding we went back to the condo with some newfound friends and had a party. The party got a bit out of control at about 3:00am and the police were soon there to bust up the party. We all were issued under

Events in Eiffel Tower

In this report I will be discussing many things about the Eiffel Tower. Such topics are: when the Eiffel Tower was built, how it was designed, and who the architect was. I will also tell you about how it was and how it is now used in Paris. I will also state the time and materials used to build the Eiffel Tower. I will tell you about Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, the architect and builder of the Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower was built by a man by the name of Alexandre Gustave Eiffel. Gustave Eiffel was born in the year of 1832 in Dijon and attended the Ecole des Arts et Manufactures in Paris. In school he specialized in the area of design of large metal structures. He then established his own business in Paris in 1867 and quickly established his reputation with building. He was responsible for such things as the first to use compressed air for underwater caissons, such as on the railway bridge over the Carunne at Bordeauz. Gustave Eiffel has built a series of ambitious railway bridges, of which span across the Dovso at Oportu, Portugal, was the longest at 525 feet (or 160 meters). Then in 1881 he provided the iron skeleton for the Statue of Liberty. He also helped in the French attempt at the Panama Canal, where he designed and partly constructed huge locks. Then the project collapsed in 1893 and Eiffel went to prison for two years. In 1900 he took up aerodynamics and worked with that until his death in 1923. Then 1889 Eiffel built his most popular project ever. His most popular project is the Eiffel Tower, which was begun in the year 1885 and finished in the year 1889. It was originally built for the World†s Fair or Centennial Exposition of 1889 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. It took him a year to design it and three years to build the tallest structure of that time. The structure was meant to be disassembled after the World†s Fair was over in the year, but was preserved for other better uses. The materials used to build the huge structure were 7,742 tons of iron, 2-1/2 million rivets, and 15,000 pieces of metal. That which brings us to the process of building. To build the tower, the workers would first fabricate all the parts in a welding shop, then number them, and send them to the sight. The building design was to be built with cross-braced lattice girders or a diagonal brace, which runs from vertical support to vertical support, which allows very little movement. Even in hurricane strength winds there would be only 8. 8 inches (or 22 centimeters) of movement. All the highest quality wrought iron. The Eiffel Tower is resting on 25 square foot (or 2. 25 square meter) masonry piers. The piers are set in seven feet (or two meters) of concrete far below ground. The tower has three above ground stages. Below the first platform, which is at the height of 188 feet (or 57 meters), the four legs are connected by structurally sound arches. The second platform is placed at 380 feet (or 115 meters) where the legs are brought almost completely together. Then the third platform is 911 feet (or 276 meters) above the ground. Above the final platform is the lantern, which warn airplanes above, and the final terrace. Then in 1959 the addition of a radio antenna raised the height of the tower from about 990 feet (or 300 meters) to 1,056 feet (or 320 meters). The tower is now used for other things. The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France is located in the â€Å"Champ de Mars,† on the south bank of the River Seine. Its uses have diversely changed throughout the years. After 1889 and the closing of the World†s Fair, Gustave Eiffel spent his time to save his monument and find new and profitable uses for the tower. He supervised changes to accommodate a meteorological station in 1890, a military telegraph station in 1903, and laboratories for studying aerodynamics in 1909. Then in 1900, 1923, and 1937 further modifications were added. The tower was then used for radio and television transmission, as a meteorological recording station, and has a restaurant and office space. Then for many years the Eiffel Tower was owned by a public firm and was in need of repairs. Then in 1981, the government of Paris took over its management. Then in the years 1981 to 1983, the tower underwent serious renovations and reconstruction in preparation for its 100th anniversary in 1989. The remodeling cost over $40 million, and stripped all the paint off down to the girders, removed the excess weight, and built new lighter buildings within the tower. The current state of the first level is three glass-enclosed structures: a museum and the Cinema, which shows films about the tower. The central level is made up of two of its own sections, each of which has a restaurant: Le Perisien, on the lower section, and La Belle France, on the upper section. The third level is the Salle Gustave Eiffel, which provides spaces for conferences, expositions, cultural events, and social gatherings. Also on the second level is a snack bar and souvenir shop. There are also glass-enclosed elevators, which take you to the first and second levels. To conclude my report I would like to say my opinion of this beautiful structure and how it has always been one of the most visited monuments in the whole world. The Eiffel Tower is Paris† most loved monuments and will probably never be disliked. The beautiful structural design and architecture just surprises me for its age. So, a masterpiece that was supposed to be torn down after the World†s Fair has lived a much longer life, a 102-year life. The Eiffel Tower was used in many collectors† plates in its early life. The most popular plates number over 82 today. In its life time, the Eiffel Tower has been visited by over 2. 5 million people and is still today a tourist trap so from a French military telegraph station to restaurants and souvenir stores, the Eiffel Tower has lived trough it all. The Eiffel Tower also went through two world wars, Vietnam, Persian Gulf, and Desert Storm, so never question the strength of a worldwide known monument.

Death of Marat Essay

I love the story of a conversation that took place at an English country house during a dinner party, where the host had just started up the discussion of death and asked the various guests what will happen to them after they die. Some thought about reincarnation and others though about different plains of being, and others thought that they were going to be annihilated. All of the guests had answered the question except for sir Roderick, who was a military type, a very devout man to the church of England where he was also the church warden, chief of the vestry, in the local county of Parish. The lady said â€Å"sir Roderick you haven’t said a word, what do you think is going to happen to you when you die? † oh he said â€Å"I am certain that I will go to heaven and enjoy everlasting bliss, but I wish you wouldn’t indulge I such a depressing conversation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  The polarity of death; It is talked about with such anguish and fright yet portrayed through art as something that represents relief or enlightenment that all together are emotionally wrenching idea’s that have been both subject for artists and served as an incentive for artistic production throughout history, perhaps as much as, perhaps more than, any other subject since artists have dealt with death, dying, the threat of death, escape from death, thoughts of death, and preparation for death through the centuries. For me, death in neo-classicism was the obvious choice because it so strongly reflects the change that was going through Europe at the time, where plagues, revolution and war scattered the common wasteland. Through the age of enlightenment death began to play a different role amongst artists and scientists where the interest in mortality and old age, the decayed body and the anatomical structure layered in lifelessness took new forms. With death came the peeling back of layers, skin, muscles, organs – embalming and mummification, posing the question on whether there is an immaterial soul or whether the body is only a complicated organ capable of immense things. This is something I felt is strongly expressed in the painting that I have chosen. The Death of Marat, painted by Jacques-Louis David in 1793 is a story that relates to the French Revolution, in which a radical journalist, Marat, is murdered in his bath by Charlotte Corday, who believed that his death would end the violence throughout the country. It has been described by T. J. Clark as the first modernist painting, for â€Å"the way it took the stuff of politics as its material, and did not transmute it†(1). However I believe that the painting also allows a portrayal of a philosophical confrontation on the subject of death. Through this essay I will argue how the painting demonstrates the struggle between the polarizations of death through a neo-classicistic point of view. Analysis The painting Death of Marat depicts the death of a murdered radical journalist during the French revolution. Charlotte Corday, the murderer, was a Girondin(2) from a minor aristocratic family and a political enemy of Marat who blamed him for the September Massacre. She gained entrance to Marat’s rooms with a note promising details of a counter-revolutionary ring in Caen. Marat suffered from a skin condition that caused him to work from his bath. Corday stabbed Marat, who died. She did not attempt to flee, and was later trailed and executed. While the painting is done in a realistic style, it has elements of being idealized, so that Marat’s death is almost graceful. His head is resting peacefully on the edge of the tub, and despite being stabbed in the chest he is still holding a quill in his right hand with which he was writing a letter, which he still holds in his left hand. This along with the dramatic lighting and overall calmness of the scene betrays the actually brutality of the stabbing. In fact, it’s a very peaceful painting. You could almost be forgiven for not thinking him dead. The Death of Marat is designed to commemorate a personable hero. David intended to record more than just the horror of martyrdom. In this sense, for realistic as it is in its details, the painting, as a whole, from its start, is a methodical construction focusing on the victim, a striking set up regarded today by several critics as an â€Å"awful beautiful lie. (3)† To fully understand this artwork there are essentially two aspects to consider: first the style used by David, i. e. Neo-classicism, and secondly the artist’s purpose, i. e. turning Marat into a hero of high moral virtues according to the classical tradition. Neoclassicism as the name says was essentially a rediscovery of classical art from the Greek and Roman time. This style prescribed rigorous contours, sculptured forms, and polished surfaces and was based on ideals of harmony and austerity. By applying such technique, death is glorified and allows further depth for the beholder, which makes the message of the decisive clash of life and death stronger. Marat is dying: his eyelids droop, his head weighs heavily on his shoulder, his right arm slides to the ground. His body, as painted by David, is that of a healthy man, still young. The scene inevitably calls to mind a rendering of the â€Å"Descent from the Cross. (4) The face is marked by suffering, but is also gentle and suffused by a growing peacefulness as the fangs of death loosen their grip. The significance of this is the inference that Marat sacrificed himself for the good of the people, just as Christ is said to have done. Other religious elements are also prominent, the halo like turban around Marat’s head, and the heavenly light shining upon Marat’s angelic face. The portrayal of Marat in this way contrasts with other accounts describing him. Marat up until the moments before his death was a violent man who totally supported the executions of all those who opposed the government. Marat was once known to have said, â€Å"In order to ensure public tranquility 200,000 heads must be cut off. †(5) It was David’s aim to â€Å"construct images of a secular saint. † David believed that Art must have a social mission (appeal to the beholder’s moral sense instead of merely giving him pleasure). â€Å"Art must contribute forcefully to the education of the public. † However in a time when violence was so prevalent â€Å"actuality† was replaced by inaccurate images resulting in historical misrepresentations. This was partly due to the fear people experienced, due to sympathies people held. David supported the Jacobins and so this representation is biased, giving only the Jacobins perspective, not at all representing the views of Corday or the Girondins who particularly hated Marat. All reflections in history are biased documents, but that’s another discussion. My interest with the Death of Marat lies within two philosophical notions, dualism and physicalism, Most religious views have a belief in the afterlife and the continuation of living in some other form after life has been completed. For Christians death leads to heaven, or hell to nonbelievers. For Buddhists death restarts the life cycle in reincarnation, the person becoming another living entity in another shape. Death in this piece of art has the power to confront the viewer with their own mortality, their own livingness, in ways that surpass normal emotions. In most modern countries, death is something that is hidden away from people, separated into cemeteries and funerals. Most would agree that death is an inherently bad thing, that living surpasses death in possible everyway. Death in culture has such wide ranging importance between nations and societies that one simple analysis does little justify the range of connotations. Conclusion The theme of death in art has been around for centuries. Death and the last living hours are present in the passion of the Christ, a subject matter that has been present strongly through art’s history. The dramatic use of neo-classicistic art techniques allowed David to capture not just a painting but also a symbolic gesture that death represents. By taking the fundamental pillars of neoclassicism and romanticizing them he was able to gain entrance to a certain presence. If there’s ever a picture that would make you want to die for a cause, it is †¦ Death of Marat. But that’s to separate it from the appalling moment of its creation, the French Revolution. For David, Marat wasn’t a monster, he was a saint. This was martyrdom, and part of David’s manifesto of the revolutionary virtue. When analyzing representations from the past we must recognize motivating factors behind representations. Subsequently we must question representations of the past, such as Davids â€Å"The Death of Marat† and the validity of opposing views. However death is far from being a radically new idea, it contains a wide range of philosophical concepts, depending and varying on cultural differences. The belief that human beings survive death in some form has profoundly influenced the thoughts, emotions, arts, scripts and actions of mankind. The belief occurs in all religions, past and present, and decisively condition the evaluations of man and his place in the universe.